Examples asbestos suspicious activities

The following activities or events can be determined as asbestos suspicious. This are examples and apart from this list there are many situations that can be determined as asbestos suspicious.

• Companies who manufacture, apply and/or process asbestos containing products, machines or goods. Some examples: asbestos cement factories, stone factories, shipyards, metal foundries, gas factories, ammunition- and fireworks factories, producers of coal heaters and electric machines and dumping-grounds.
• Asbestos modifications like sawing and grinding, and the temporary storage of asbestos(remnants).
• Applications of asbestos products originating from the asbestos containing industry present in or on the soil, for example asbestos roads, yards, dams and dampening.
• Historical embankments with asbestos containing soils.
• Asbestos processed or used as reinforcement in buildings, farms, industrial installations and company buildings with barns and warehouses with a realistic chance that the asbestos remnants are left in the soil due to modification, damaging or weathering of the asbestos containing material.
• The application of asbestos containing bank protection on the side of waterways and cut-off walls in gardens.
• The presence of greenhouse cultivation or demolition remnants of greenhouses present in or on the soil.
• Unusual incidents with asbestos in the past, like fire, explosions, vandalism where the spread asbestos remnants aren't completely cleaned up or where the soil isn't checked for asbestos afterwards.
• Bedding like a road, yard, parking lot, embankment, storage terrain, premises, debris dam, dumping ground or debris damping.
• The base layer underneath a thick bedding or element bedding, like a road, yard, parking lot, embankment, storage terrain or premises.
• Dumping of asbestos suspicious waste.
• In the case of an asbestos related fire or explosion. For the preliminary research of asbestos in an asbestos related fire or explosion one can find more information in appendix 3 of the brochure: Plan van aanpak asbestbrand. [4]
• When storages with debris containing soil are present.
• When storage or reloading of debris or debris breakers are present.
• When debris containing bedding layers, embankment layers or dredge spoil with debris containing or another anthropogenic mixture are present, for example urban embankment layers.
• When wells or ditches filled with debris granulate are present.

Chance of finding asbestos in buildings and underground structures

The presence of asbestos-containing applications on the outside and/or inside of structures, underground objects and other objects doesn't create a location immediately suspected for asbestos in the soil. In the case of outdoor applications and asbestos-containing objects, such as complete corrugated iron and flower boxes, are likely to weather and/or get damaged resulting in asbestos on the soil.

The presence of asbestos-suspicious objects at ground level does not necessarily lead to a suspicious location, for example in the case of unbroken and/or not weathered objects where it is certain that no pieces of asbestos material may have entered the soil. The presence of broken and/or weathered asbestos-containing objects is a situation where asbestos in the soil can be expected. Sealing cover-layers around and below the buildings or objects and conditioned collection of rainwater during use, reduces the likelihood of the occurrence of soil contamination with asbestos fibers from these buildings or objects.

Chance of finding asbestos in debris

Asbestos suspicion is dependent on a various amount of factors, among other things it is dependent on the type of debris and the historical use of the terrain. There are many types of debris: bricklaying debris, concrete debris, asphalt debris, clinker debris and historical debris. Especially with undefined mixed building- and demolition material the chances are high that asbestos-cement plate material is present. Concrete debris can incidentally contain any amount of asbestos-cement.

Moreover, in the following situations the mentioned debris and recycling granulate are not asbestos suspicious:

• Recycling granulate that is delivered via a Certiva-certified sequencer or via a sequencer/sorter that has a conformity declaration/certification.
• Building- and demolition waste that originates from a project that is labeled, by a certified company that can be found under appendix XIIIa in the certification scheme for asbestos removal [2], as a structure with no asbestos present.
• Building- and demolition waste that originates from a project that is labeled, by a certified company that can be found under appendix XIIIb in the certification scheme for asbestos removal [3], as a structure with asbestos, but there can be proven that the asbestos, via an asbestos clearance survey, is not present anymore.
• Debris that satisfies the norm SBC‐007/BRL 9999 [2] and is obtained from a demolition conform SBC‐007/BRL9999 [2]
• Building- and demolition waste originated from a construction worker including a conformity declaration, see [2].

Chance of finding asbestos in recycling granulate

The distinction of asbestos in recycling granulate is much harder. The amount of asbestos in recycling granulate is very low even if the original debris contained asbestos. Produced debris granulate can be defined in three different groups:

• Not-certified recycling granulate from before 1998: before 1998 there were no certification demands, so this granulate must be defined as asbestos suspicious material.
• Certified recycling granulate from 1998 to 2005: in these years there were a small amount of certification demands, so this granulate can be defined as asbestos suspicious material.
• Certified recycling granulate from 2005: since 2005 breakers look by their incoming inspection to asbestos suspicious material, so this granulate can be defined as not asbestos suspicious material.

Standardized research hypotheses

References

• NEN 5725:2017
• SBC‐007/BRL 9999, Nationale beoordelingsrichtlijn voor het procesgerelateerd slopen
• Arbeidsomstandighedenregeling, bijlage XIIIa met het certificatieschema voor asbestinventarisatie (voormalig Ascert SC‐540)
• Dijk, S. van, M. van der Meer, P. Balemans, J. Tempelman, C. van den Bogaard, Plan van aanpak asbestbrand. 4e druk, uitgegeven door Ministerie van VROM, juli 2006